Pemikiran Islam Modern Fazlur Rahman: Tafsir Al-Qur’an dan Hukum Islam Kontemporer

Abstract

This article examines the modern Islamic thought of Fazlur Rahman with a particular focus on his methodology in interpreting the Quran and reformulating Islamic law in response to contemporary challenges. It aims to describe the intellectual biography of Fazlur Rahman, outline his main methodological frameworks such as the historical-critical approach and the theory of double movement, and analyze their implications for the development of Islamic legal and ethical discourse. Using a qualitative library research method, the study explores Rahman’s major works and relevant secondary literature to reconstruct his approach to the Quran, Sunnah, and Islamic law as a coherent reformist project oriented toward moral ideals. The study finds that Fazlur Rahman understands the Quran as a dynamic moral guidance revealed within specific socio-historical conditions, so that its legal formulations must be interpreted through their underlying ethical principles rather than their literal forms. His double movement method moving from present problems to the historical context of revelation and back to the contemporary context offers a systematic hermeneutical model that keeps Islamic teachings normatively authoritative yet contextually relevant. The paper concludes that Fazlur Rahman’s thought provides a significant methodological foundation for renewing Islamic law and Quranic interpretation in a way that integrates tradition, rationality, and contemporary humanistic concerns such as justice, equality, and human rights.