Socio-Historical Approach in Quranic Exegesis: The Application of Fazlur Rahman's Double Movement Theory On the Whipping Punishment for Adulterers
Keywords:
Double Movement, Fazlur Rahman, Caning Punishment, Socio-Historical, Contextual TafsirAbstract
Understanding the legal verses of the Qur’an, particularly QS. An-Nur verse 2 regarding the punishment of flogging for those who commit adultery, is often carried out literally without considering the socio-historical dimensions that underlie the revelation of these verses. The tension between the universality of the Qur’an's message and the particularity of its context in 7th-century Arab society calls for a methodology of interpretation that can bridge fidelity to the text and responsiveness to social change. The Double Movement methodology developed by Fazlur Rahman in Islam and Modernity (1982) emerges as a systematic response to this challenge, working dialectically through two movements: from the contemporary context to the historical context of the Qur’an to extract universal moral principles, then applying those principles back into contemporary realities.This research uses a qualitative method based on library research with content analysis employing a hermeneutic approach. The results of the study indicate that corporal punishment is a historical instrument to realize universal principles in the form of deterrent effects and the protection of socio-moral order, so that in the modern context, which already has a more comprehensive penal system, these principles have the potential to be realized through a more contextual formulation of law without neglecting its fundamental substance. This study concludes that the socio-historical approach through the Double Movement methodology provides a solid methodological foundation for the development of Islamic law that is responsive to the demands of the times while remaining rooted in the authenticity of the Qur'anic values.
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