HAMBATAN IMPLEMENTASI INTERNATIONAL CONSORTIUM ON COMBATING WILDLIFE CRIME DI PERU DALAM PEMBERANTASAN PERDAGANGAN SATWA LIAR TRANSNASIONAL
Keywords:
Peru, implementasi kebijakan, satwa liar, misimplementasi; SERFOR, SUNAT, Grindle.Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan menggambarkan bentuk-bentuk misimplementasi kebijakan pengendalian perdagangan satwa liar di Peru meskipun kerangka hukumnya telah memadai. Fokus penelitian diarahkan pada kinerja Servicio Nacional Forestal y de Fauna Silvestre sebagai otoritas administrasi dan ilmiah serta Superintendencia Nacional de Aduanas y de Administración Tributaria sebagai lembaga kepabeanan. Dengan metode kualitatif deskriptif berbasis studi literatur dan dokumen kebijakan, penelitian menemukan bahwa pemerintah Peru masih sering mengalami kebocoran pengawasan, lemahnya deteksi dini, dan ketidakkonsistenan pelaksanaan di lapangan. Analisis menggunakan kerangka Merilee S. Grindle menunjukkan bahwa permasalahan muncul pada isi kebijakan khususnya keterbatasan sumber daya dan strategi implementasi serta pada konteks pelaksanaan seperti koordinasi antar-lembaga, kapasitas birokrasi, dan kondisi sosial ekonomi lokal. Penelitian ini menegaskan perlunya penguatan kapasitas implementasi dan membuka peluang kajian lanjutan terkait evaluasi kebijakan satwa liar di Amerika Latin.
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